隨(sui)著自動控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，在(zai)機(ji)(ji)械設備中(zhong)，除了(le)液柱真空(kong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力表外，還可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)溫度變(bian)送器(qi)和(he)(he)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)將(jiang)工作(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力轉(zhuan)換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)。溫度變(bian)送器(qi)和(he)(he)控(kong)制(zhi)器(qi)如何(he)將(jiang)工作(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力信(xin)(xin)號(hao)轉(zhuan)換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)？不同轉(zhuan)換方法的(de)(de)(de)特點是什么(me)？King'sControl總(zong)結了(le)目前每個(ge)人都可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)幾種(zhong)液位傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)測量(liang)原理(li)，希望(wang)對大家有(you)所(suo)幫助(zhu)。根據(ju)(ju)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)用(yong)于通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣(qi)組件和(he)(he)其(qi)他(ta)機(ji)(ji)械設備將(jiang)測得的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力轉(zhuan)換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)不能用(yong)于靜態(tai)(tai)數據(ju)(ju)測量(liang)，因(yin)(yin)此在(zai)外力作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下為(wei)正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷。當控(kong)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)具有(you)大的(de)(de)(de)輸入阻抗時，可(ke)以(yi)將(jiang)其(qi)存儲(chu)起來(lai)。但這種(zhong)情(qing)況并非如此。因(yin)(yin)此，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)只(zhi)能用(yong)于動態(tai)(tai)測量(liang)。關鍵(jian)的(de)(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)材(cai)料是硫酸銨(an)，酒石酸鈉和(he)(he)方解(jie)石。方解(jie)石有(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應。

       當局部應力(li)變化時，靜(jing)磁場變化不大，其他(ta)一(yi)些(xie)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)阻(zu)晶體(ti)將替代方解石。酒石酸鉀具(ju)有(you)(you)較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)指數和(he)(he)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)敏(min)(min)感性(xing)，只能在(zai)室內低濕度(du)和(he)(he)鈉(na)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)地區使用。硫酸銨是一(yi)種合成晶體(ti)，可(ke)以在(zai)高(gao)(gao)濕度(du)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)的(de)(de)自然環(huan)境(jing)中使用。隨(sui)著技術的(de)(de)發展，壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效應已經應用于(yu)(yu)多晶。例(li)如(ru)，包括壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)，鈮鎂酸壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)，磷酸鈮壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)和(he)(he)鈦酸鋇壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)陶瓷(ci)。基于(yu)(yu)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效應的(de)(de)控制器具(ju)有(you)(you)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)工程改造和(he)(he)自發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力(li)。敏(min)(min)感元件由具(ju)有(you)(you)耐壓(ya)(ya)(ya)性(xing)的(de)(de)原材料制成。當壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料受到(dao)外(wai)力(li)作(zuo)用時，表面層(ceng)將產生正電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，并且該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷將轉(zhuan)換(huan)為與外(wai)力(li)效應直(zhi)接相關(guan)的(de)(de)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。用于(yu)(yu)測(ce)量(liang)力(li)及其非(fei)測(ce)量(liang)力(li)，以及它們轉(zhuan)換(huan)力(li)的(de)(de)能力(li)，例(li)如(ru)加速度(du)和(he)(he)工作(zuo)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)。它具(ju)有(you)(you)重量(liang)輕，工作(zuo)可(ke)靠，結構簡單，高(gao)(gao)頻穩定性(xing)，高(gao)(gao)靈敏(min)(min)度(du)和(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)帶(dai)寬的(de)(de)優勢(shi)。

       但(dan)是，它也有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)缺(que)(que)點：某些(xie)工(gong)(gong)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)的(de)原(yuan)料不濕也不冷，因此需要采取一(yi)(yi)系列防水(shui)措施，并且(qie)(qie)放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流響應相對較差(cha)，即使(shi)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷放(fang)大器或高輸入阻(zu)(zu)抗電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)可以(yi)(yi)彌補這一(yi)(yi)缺(que)(que)陷，使(shi)器件盡快工(gong)(gong)作。耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)水(shui)平(ping)傳感(gan)器基于壓(ya)(ya)阻(zu)(zu)效應。壓(ya)(ya)阻(zu)(zu)效應用(yong)(yong)于描述腳型地面應力(li)作用(yong)(yong)下原(yuan)材料的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)變(bian)化。與壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)效應不同，壓(ya)(ya)阻(zu)(zu)效應將僅導(dao)(dao)致特性阻(zu)(zu)抗移動(dong)，并且(qie)(qie)不容(rong)易產生正電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷。大多數金(jin)(jin)屬復(fu)合材料和(he)半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體器件都具有(you)(you)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)(zu)。半(ban)(ban)導(dao)(dao)體器件的(de)耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)性比金(jin)(jin)屬材料好得(de)(de)多。由于硅是當(dang)今IC芯片的(de)關鍵，所以(yi)(yi)硅壓(ya)(ya)阻(zu)(zu)器件的(de)應用(yong)(yong)變(bian)得(de)(de)越來越有(you)(you)意(yi)義。

       一.電阻轉(zhuan)換(huan)器不僅來自(zi)地(di)面(mian)應力計劃(hua)，還來自(zi)與(yu)接地(di)應力相關的(de)材料本身的(de)電阻。電阻在n型硅中(zhong)移(yi)動(dong)的(de)主要原因是三(san)對導槽的(de)移(yi)動(dong)導致載流子在不同(tong)(tong)遷移(yi)率的(de)導槽之間重(zhong)新擴散，從而(er)導致電子設備在不同(tong)(tong)方向上的(de)遷移(yi)率發生變化。

       二.它來自于等效質(zhi)量（好質(zhi)量）的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化與(yu)(yu)導向的(de)(de)(de)(de)晶粒形(xing)(xing)狀的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化。在P型(xing)硅中，這(zhe)種條件越來越復雜，也會導致等效的(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量變(bian)(bian)化和孔變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)。液(ye)壓阻(zu)(zu)力級傳(chuan)感器通(tong)常用鋼(gang)絲連(lian)接到惠(hui)斯(si)頓(dun)橋(qiao)(qiao)。通(tong)常更靈敏的(de)(de)(de)(de)芯沒有(you)額(e)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)壓力效應，橋(qiao)(qiao)梁處于平(ping)衡狀態(tai)（稱為(wei)零位置），當控制力集成電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)變(bian)(bian)化時，橋(qiao)(qiao)梁將(jiang)(jiang)不(bu)平(ping)衡。如果將(jiang)(jiang)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)路或工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)壓開關電(dian)源加入橋(qiao)(qiao)梁，橋(qiao)(qiao)梁將(jiang)(jiang)產生與(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)壓力相(xiang)匹配的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)壓信號(hao)。該(gai)橋(qiao)(qiao)測試電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)值的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化，然后將(jiang)(jiang)電(dian)流(liu)電(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化傳(chuan)遞給相(xiang)對(dui)電(dian)流(liu)信號(hao)。為(wei)了減少溫度(du)變(bian)(bian)化對(dui)芯電(dian)阻(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)損傷，提高測量精度(du)，液(ye)位傳(chuan)感器采用補償方法保持高質(zhi)量。

       三(san).電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)是使用電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)作為(wei)敏(min)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)元件(jian)并將所測(ce)得的(de)工作壓(ya)(ya)力轉換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)值變(bian)化的(de)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)。這種液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)通(tong)常(chang)使用環形(xing)金屬材料(liao)(liao)塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)或電(dian)(dian)鍍塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)作為(wei)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)。當(dang)塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)經受(shou)工作壓(ya)(ya)力和(he)變(bian)形(xing)時，塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)與固定的(de)固定高度(du)之(zhi)間的(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量將發生變(bian)化。工作電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)關系(xi)。電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)是一種極距轉換電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)，可分(fen)為(wei)單(dan)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)和(he)差動保護電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)。單(dan)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)的(de)液(ye)(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)由環形(xing)塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)和(he)固定功率級組成。塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)在工作壓(ya)(ya)力的(de)作用下發生變(bian)形(xing)，然后改(gai)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量，其(qi)靈敏(min)度(du)，塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)總(zong)面積(ji)和(he)工作壓(ya)(ya)力，它們(men)與塑料(liao)(liao)膜(mo)(mo)和(he)固定件(jian)的(de)支(zhi)撐力成正(zheng)比塑料(liao)(liao)薄膜(mo)(mo)的(de)功率水平。

固定(ding)功率水平的(de)(de)另(ling)一種形式(shi)是凹形，它將脈(mo)動(dong)阻尼器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)固定(ding)在(zai)張緊平面(mian)附近，并(bing)使阻尼器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)處于(yu)分層模式(shi)。這種形式(shi)適合于(yu)測(ce)量底部壓力(li)并(bing)且具(ju)有高負(fu)載能力(li)。活塞(sai)桿脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)阻尼器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)可以制成(cheng)高壓單電(dian)容傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。這種形式(shi)可以減(jian)小(xiao)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)阻尼器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)直接作用(yong)力(li)區(qu)域，并(bing)且方(fang)便(bian)選擇較(jiao)薄的(de)(de)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)阻尼器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)以提高靈敏度(du)。它還與(yu)各種補償和維(wei)護(hu)部門及其放大器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)電(dian)路相結合，以增強抗干(gan)擾能力(li)。該控制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)適用(yong)于(yu)四(si)軸飛機動(dong)態高壓測(ce)量和遙測(ce)。單電(dian)容傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)液(ye)位傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)還具(ju)有聲學傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)（即(ji)麥(mai)克風型）和聽覺型。差動(dong)保護(hu)電(dian)容傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)力(li)脈(mo)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)阻尼裝置位于(yu)兩個(ge)固定(ding)水平之間，由兩個(ge)電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組成(cheng)。在(zai)工作壓力(li)的(de)(de)影響(xiang)下，一個(ge)電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)體積(ji)增大，而(er)另(ling)一個(ge)電(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)體積(ji)減(jian)小(xiao)。測(ce)量結果由差動(dong)保護(hu)電(dian)源產生。

       固定(ding)功率水(shui)(shui)平是(shi)(shi)通過在凹(ao)面(mian)玻璃表面(mian)上進(jin)行電鍍來(lai)確(que)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)。脈動(dong)阻(zu)尼(ni)(ni)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)受凹(ao)面(mian)保(bao)護，不會破裂。差動(dong)保(bao)護電容(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)比(bi)單個電容(rong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)更為靈(ling)敏和線性(xing)，但(dan)生產和加工困難（難以確(que)保(bao)對稱性(xing)），并且無法保(bao)持(chi)對所測量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)蒸汽和液(ye)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)保(bao)護。電磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應原(yuan)理(li)控制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)廣泛使用(yong)了四種電磁(ci)(ci)(ci)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，主要包括感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，霍(huo)爾(er)液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，渦流液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)等。電容(rong)式(shi)液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理(li)是(shi)(shi)永磁(ci)(ci)(ci)材料和滲透性(xing)不同。當工作壓力對脈沖阻(zu)尼(ni)(ni)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)好時，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)密(mi)度(du)會發生變(bian)化，并且磁(ci)(ci)(ci)密(mi)度(du)發生變(bian)化會損壞感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應線圈的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)形。液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)根(gen)據磁(ci)(ci)(ci)路可(ke)分為兩類(lei)：可(ke)變(bian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)和可(ke)變(bian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)導率。電容(rong)式(shi)液(ye)位(wei)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)優勢取決于高(gao)靈(ling)敏度(du)和大測量(liang)范(fan)圍。可(ke)變(bian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)阻(zu)水(shui)(shui)平傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵組(zu)件是(shi)(shi)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鐵芯和脈沖阻(zu)尼(ni)(ni)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。他(ta)們(men)創造了中(zhong)等磁(ci)(ci)(ci)密(mi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)路。

       當工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)好時，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)密(mi)度(du)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)，即，磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)阻改(gai)變(bian)(bian)。如果在變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)鐵芯(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)線圈上(shang)加上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)會(hui)隨著磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)密(mi)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化而變(bian)(bian)化，從而測(ce)量(liang)(liang)出工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)。在磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)通量(liang)(liang)相(xiang)對較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)，鐵磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率不穩定。可(ke)變(bian)(bian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率液位(wei)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)使用(yong)可(ke)移動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)元(yuan)件(jian)代替變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)芯(xin)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化引(yin)起磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)性(xing)元(yuan)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動，然(ran)后(hou)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)導(dao)(dao)率以計算工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)壓(ya)力(li)(li)值。霍(huo)爾液位(wei)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)是基于(yu)霍(huo)爾效應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)半導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)器(qi)件(jian)。霍(huo)爾效應(ying)意味著，當將固體(ti)(ti)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)放置(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)中并且存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)時，導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正負載會(hui)受(shou)到洛倫(lun)茲(zi)力(li)(li)，然(ran)后(hou)受(shou)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)（HOLL工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)）的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。由工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)力(li)(li)將平衡洛倫(lun)茲(zi)力(li)(li)。根據霍(huo)爾工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)旋轉，可(ke)以證(zheng)明導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)是由包含負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)物體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。除了垂(chui)直于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)方(fang)向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)外(wai)，傳(chuan)輸線上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)還將被洛倫(lun)茲(zi)力(li)(li)集中，然(ran)后(hou)會(hui)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)向上(shang)產(chan)生靜電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)(chang)，因此后(hou)續的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)將受(shou)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)場(chang)(chang)(chang)引(yin)起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)洛倫(lun)茲(zi)力(li)(li)使隨后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)獲得成功。內置(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)稱(cheng)為霍(huo)爾工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。